知病 · 知不知尚矣
Zhī Bìng
Classical Chinese Text
知不知,尚矣;不知知,病也。圣人不病,以其病病。夫唯病病,是以不病。
Translation & Meaning
清醒地知道自己还有所不知,这是最高明的认知;明明不知却自以为全知、强不知以为知,这便是认知上的大毛病。 正因为能够把这种妄自尊大的认知偏盲当作病患来警惕,所以才不会犯这种毛病。 圣人之所以没有妄知偏执之病,正是因为他深切警惕并痛戒这一毛病;唯其时刻警醒自省,所以终身清明无病。
Linguistic & Character Analysis
- 知 (zhī): know / distinguish / recognize
- 不 (bù): not / un- / without
- 尚 (shàng): classical character (shàng)
- 矣 (yǐ): [modal particle of realization]
- 病 (bìng): classical character (bìng)
- 也 (yě): [modal particle of assertion]
- 圣 (shèng): sage / enlightened one
- 人 (rén): person / human
- 以 (yǐ): in order to / by means of
- 其 (qí): its / their / his / her
- 夫 (fū): for / indeed / now
- 唯 (wéi): only / precisely because
- 是 (shì): this / therefore
Commentary
青禾散人评注:与苏格拉底“自知其无知”遥相呼应。人类最大的盲点从不是无知,而是“不知知”的傲慢幻觉;保持敬畏谦虚,心智方常保清健。